Well, to begin with you really do need to double check that all the wiring you touched is fully intact and present. I would also be tempted to reinstall whatever intake was there before to see what happens, you've already got a non running car with what will most likely turn out to be a very simple thing. Might as well take 10 minutes and try that.
Since you kind of asked, here's how the mass air flow sensor actually works and influences the fuel/air mixture for combustion. The MAF sensor itself is simply a little wire with a precisely built and calculated resistance. On this car, and probably a lot of Fords for a long time, the PCM sends 5 volts across this wire in the path of incoming air. At rest and cold, the resistance in the wire eats up about 4 volts and the PCM sees a return voltage of 1 or thereabouts. Resistance in circuits naturally cause some amount of heat. When the airflow increases with driving conditions, more air is pushing past the wire and pulling heat from it. This alters the 5 volts going back to the PCM and it can match that return voltage with a corresponding fuel injector duty cycle to maintain a proper air fuel ratio.
It's such a simple device that it doesn't really naturally go bad, it may need to be cleaned occasionally because some exhaust gas is fed into the intake air for better fuel economy (whole different thing, don't worry bout it rocky : ) and some particulate matter can get pasted on the thing altering its resistance. Here is
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_flow_sensor wiki link further explaining it.
I know that in my car, because the air filter box is right by the MAF harness connection and those wires are fairly delicate and kind of strained actually. A custom short ram intake is going to vibrate and move a fair amount and further the likelihood of an incomplete circuit right there at the harness.
That said I'm a little surprised my trick didn't work. Now that the dashes came up, I do remember seeing that those dashes a couple winters ago on a very cold day and I think after the car sat for awhile, and I kind of massaged the wiring at the plug and pushed them in to make sure they're fully seated, the car did start and then run normally.